International Parasitic Plant Society
Welcome to the homepage of the International Parasitic Plant Society (IPPS). The IPPS is dedicated to advancing scientific research on parasitic plants. Our goals include increasing the understanding of these amazing plants, providing a platform for exchange among and beyond the scientific community as well as helping to decrease the crop damage inflicted by weedy parasitic plants.
Latest News
- IPPS Plant Photo Library
- Parasitic plants avoid self-recognition through glucosylation of haustorium-inducing factors
- The IPPS wishes you a happy and successful 2026!
- Evergreen to ever-changing: How mountain forests rely on mistletoes for survival
- 4th International Congress on Strigolactones (ICS2026) Paris
- Update: 18th World Congress on Parasitic Plants, 31 May – 5 June 2026, São Sebastião, Brazil.
Upcoming: The 18th World Congress On Parasitic Plants (WCPP): 31 May - 5 June 2026 São Sebastião, Brazil.
For more information see Society news.
Member benefits
Discount
Get a member discount for our biennial congress
Meet
Entry in and access to the member’s directory
Inform & get informed
Have access to IPPS seminars; post news on parasitic plants
Meet our talent
Post vacancies for jobs in parasitic plant research
A picture tells
Non-commercial usage rights of the photo gallery
Most recent ‘Parasitic Plant’ publications
on the Web
Sunflower HaWRKY29 dampens Orobanche cumana parasitism via transcriptional activation of HaLAC17 and lignin deposition
5 days ago - … Sunflower broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) is a … The life cycle of parasitic plant 29 includes four major steps … .) and Cuscuta (Cuscuta chinensis Lam.) interaction, the … more…
Authors: L Li, L Su, R Zhao, A Bao, Y Dong… - Plant …, 2026 - academic.oup.com
Domain: academic.oup.com
Screening of durum wheat landraces (Triticumdurum Desf.) for resistance to Fusarium foot and root rot under rainfed conditions
5 days ago - Durum wheat is a crucial crop in the Mediterranean Rim, deeply rooted in the region’s history and traditions. Unlike bread wheat, which shows partial resistance to … more…
Authors: S Chekali, S Marzougui, S Gargouri, T Paulitz - Journal of Plant Pathology, 2026 - Springer
Domain: link.springer.com
EVALUATING OF INTERSPECIFIC AND INTERGENERIC SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS FOR DOWNY MILDEW RESISTANCE
6 days ago - … The broomrape parasite (Orobanche cumana Wallr) and downy mildew disease (… The tests of the created interspecific and intergeneric hybrids against broomrape and … more…
Authors: NG BAYRAKTAROGLU, G EVCI, Y KAYA - researchgate.net
Domain: researchgate.net
Synergistic efficacy of Azadirachta indica and biocontrol agents in mitigating Meloidogyne javanica infection in peach
6 days ago - The 2022present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the combined application of Azadirachta indica (neem) and biocontrol agents against Meloidogyne … more…
Authors: M Saeed, T Mukhtar, R Ahmed, U Mehmood… - Australasian Plant …, 2026 - Springer
Domain: link.springer.com
New insights into Exserohilum rostratum: a rising cause of black spot disease in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)
6 days ago - During late 2020, tiny black spots were noticed (initially restricted to petiole part and later seen on leaves as well as young nuts) in WCT palms in coconut farm maintained … more…
Authors: Daliyamol, PV Hanumanthappa, K Kumar… - Australasian Plant …, 2026 - Springer
Domain: link.springer.com
Cuscuta chinensis Lam. Alleviates transforming growth factor beta-induced endometrial fibrosis and inflammation in vitro
6 days ago - Objectives In this study, we intend to investigate and report the effect of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. (CCL) treatment on transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)-induced … more…
Authors: X Tian, J Miao, W Zhang, J Xiao… - Turkish Journal of …, 2026 - degruyterbrill.com
Domain: degruyterbrill.com
The illusion of sameness: uncovering Allium nebulosum, a new species of Allium sect. Codonoprasum from the Northern and Eastern Balkans through an integrated …
6 days ago - Allium section Codonoprasum comprises a diverse group of evolutionarily young taxa with unclear taxonomic boundaries. Despite several recent taxonomic studies … more…
Authors: M Duchoslav, L Kobrlová, K Vojtěchová… - Plant Systematics and …, 2026 - Springer
Domain: link.springer.com
Alternative Herbicide to Address the Constraint of Parasitic Weed of Faba Bean in North Africa
6 days ago - … Glyphosate significantly reduced Orobanche shoots, increased … Orobanche and improved yield compared to the higher rates. Non-treated plots showed 64 Orobanche … more…
Authors: SA Kemal, I Maafa - repo.mel.cgiar.org
Domain: repo.mel.cgiar.org
… Drying Methods On Total Flavonoid Content, Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity, And Sensory Acceptance Of Coffee Mistletoe (Scurrula ferruginea [Roxb. Ex …
6 days ago - Postharvest drying is a critical step in herbal tea processing as it affects the quality of simplicia, phytochemical content, biological activity, and sensory characteristics of the … more…
Authors: SA Astarie, LE Putri - SITAWA: Jurnal Farmasi …, 2026 - ejournal.akfarimambonjol.ac.id
Domain: akfarimambonjol.ac.id
Parasitic plant development: A new chemical inhibitor of Striga haustoria development
6 days ago - … Some parasitic plants, such 4 as those in the Striga genus, are noxious weeds in agriculture. For example, the most agriculturally 5 damaging species, Striga hermonthica, … more…
Authors: JM Bradley - 2026 - academic.oup.com
Domain: oup.com
Metaviromic insights into the viral community associated with Dendrobium catenatum
7 days ago - Metatranscriptomic analysis of public RNA-seq data from Dendrobium catenatum, an economically and culturally important orchid, revealed a highly diverse virome. … more…
Authors: RMF Santos, LYM Ferreira, JPN Santos… - Brazilian Journal of …, 2026 - Springer
Domain: springer.com
A quinone signaling inhibitor enables functional dissection of haustorium-inducing factors in Orobanchaceae parasitic plants
7 days ago - … a compound, designated Haustorium INhibiting Compound 55 (HINC55), that 33 effectively inhibits prehaustorium formation in the parasitic plants Striga (Striga 34 … more…
Authors: S Suga, R Inoue, S Wada, Y Shirano, N Aoki… - Plant …, 2026 - academic.oup.com
Domain: academic.oup.com
Aphids Associated With Caryophyllaceae in Iran With Description of a New Species (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Caryophyllaceae-feeding aphidsin Iran
7 days ago - This study examines the aphid fauna associated with Caryophyllaceae in Iran, combining new field collections with previously published records. In total, 25 aphid species… more…
Authors: M Mehrparvar, AS Jensen - Neotropical Entomology, 2026 - Springer
Domain: link.springer.com
Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of fall armyworm larval parasitoid Coccygidium luteum to maize and companion plant volatiles: E. Peter et al.
7 days ago - Companion cropping and biological control are among the best agronomic practices recommended for ecologically sustainable management of the invasive fall … more…
Authors: E Peter, S Subramanian, A Yusuf, SA Mohamed… - BioControl, 2026 - Springer
Domain: springer.com
First report of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma citri'-related strain (16srII-C subgroup) associated with little leaf and witches'-broom disease of sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea …
7 days ago - Crotalaria juncea L.(Sunn hemp) is a shrubby, herbaceous annual legume belonging to the family Fabaceae that grows in tropical and subtropical regions. Sunn hemp is … more…
Authors: S Maheshwari, A Soni, RP Kushvaha… - Australasian Plant …, 2026 - Springer
Domain: link.springer.com
First report of alfalfa mosaic virus causing calico and mild chlorotic mosaic on peperina (Minthostachys verticillata) in Argentina
7 days ago - (ESM_2). To our knowledge, this is the first report of peperina as a natural host of AMV. Further studies will focus on completing the full genome sequence of AMV from … more…
Authors: V Trucco, F Gutiérrez, E Carloni, F Fernandez… - Australasian Plant …, 2026 - Springer
Domain: link.springer.com
First report of leaf blight in finger millet (Eleusine Coracana L.) caused by Fusarium Fujikuroi in India
7 days ago - Fusarium species causes diseases of a diverse plant species. Though finger millets are resistance to a wide range of pathogens, sometimes, they are also attacked by … more…
Authors: G Kalita, H Kayang - Australasian Plant Pathology, 2026 - Springer
Domain: link.springer.com
Increasing the diversity of Sycorax Haliday, 1839 (Diptera: Psychodidae) in the Neotropical region: New species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
7 days ago - … The name striga is derived from the Latin word ‘striga’, meaning witch. This name references the fact that the generic name Sycorax probably refers to the homonymous … more…
Authors: L Rossito, LC Pinho, AJ de Andrade - Austral Entomology, 2026 - Wiley Online Library
Domain: wiley.com
Entomology of Hops (Pests)
7 days ago - Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) is affected by a wide variety of pests from aphids to lepidopteran, feeding on hop as their main or secondary host. These pests described here … more…
Authors: M Rak Cizej, F Poličnik, O Lacroix - All About Hops: The Crop, its …, 2026 - Springer
Domain: link.springer.com
Mistletoe Sign in a Cardiac MRI in a patient with Multiple Myeloma
7 days ago - … right coronary artery in its middle third (Mistletoe sign). Learning Points from this Case… circumferentially bordering the right coronary artery (“Mistletoe sign”). This sign has … more…
Authors: DM Ariza, E Villarreal - Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic …, 2026 - journalofcmr.com
Domain: www.journalofcmr.com
Most recent 'Parasitic Plant' publications
in Scopus
Spatial determinants of mistletoe dispersal in Scots pine dominated forests: Are more complex forest stands less prone to invasion?
Forest Ecology and Management, volume 603
Wednesday 04 February 2026
Mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. austriacum) is an increasingly prevalent parasitic plant in European pine forests. It raises concerns among forest managers due to its negative impacts on tree health and timber production. This study investigates the spatial and structural determinants of mistletoe infestation in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stands wi...
Mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. austriacum) is an increasingly prevalent parasitic plant in European pine forests. It raises concerns among forest managers due to its negative impacts on tree health and timber production. This study investigates the spatial and structural determinants of mistletoe infestation in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stands within the Kozienicka Forest in Central Poland, using a combination of intensive spatial sampling in field surveys, LiDAR data, and satellite imagery. We analyzed 423 plots using generalized additive models to identify key variables influencing mistletoe presence. Our results show that older and larger trees were most likely to be infested, and these were associated with increased defoliation, while dense, young, even-aged pine stands offer some resistance. Increased shrub cover in the understory and proximity to the forest complex edge significantly elevated infestation likelihood, suggesting bird-mediated seed dispersal is critical. The presence of old-style orchards in the forest's complex surroundings and the proximity to the Vistula River, an important bird migration corridor, may also enhance mistletoe spread. These findings highlight the complex interactions between forest structure, birds' behavior, and mistletoe dynamics, offering valuable insights for forest management strategies to mitigate mistletoe invasion.
Efficacy of the herbal product of Cuscuta campestris Yunck. and Polypodium vulgare L. in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A triple-blind clinical trial
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, volume 354
Tuesday 03 February 2026
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Cuscuta campestris Yunck. and Polypodium vulgare L. are medicinal plants widely used in traditional Persian medicine to treat various mental health conditions, such as Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Aim of the study: OCD is among the top ten disorders that cause disability and decrease quality of life. Consider...
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Cuscuta campestris Yunck. and Polypodium vulgare L. are medicinal plants widely used in traditional Persian medicine to treat various mental health conditions, such as Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Aim of the study: OCD is among the top ten disorders that cause disability and decrease quality of life. Considering the lack of a definitive treatment method and the side effects of the existing drugs, the application of complementary medicine in treating this disorder seems reasonable. The current study aimed to investigate the therapeutic impact of a dodder and polypody herbal product (DPHP) in OCD patients. Materials and methods: In this triple-blind clinical trial, 84 individuals with OCD were assigned to two groups of DPHP and placebo receivers at random. While taking fluvoxamine tablets (100 mg twice daily), the first group was prescribed DPHP tablets, and the second group was prescribed placebo tablets twice daily. The intensity of manifestations and the participant's quality of life were evaluated at the beginning of the trial and after four and eight weeks of intervention using the Yale-Brown and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaires, respectively. Results: The severity of OCD symptoms in both groups decreased significantly after four and eight weeks (P-value <0.001). The DPHP group's reduction rate was significantly higher than the placebo group (P-value = 0.043). The quality of life improved significantly in both groups (P-value <0.001). However, the increase in the quality of life in the DPHP group was significantly higher compared to the placebo group (P-value = 0.042). Conclusions: DPHP, taken alongside fluvoxamine, can effectively alleviate the symptoms of OCD and increase the quality of life. Therefore, it could be regarded as a complementary therapeutic alternative to OCD.
Host-dependent variations in antioxidant activity, metabolic profile, and phenolic content of the parasitic plant Phoradendron nervosum Oliv.
Scientific Reports, volume 16
Monday 02 February 2026
Phoradendron nervosum (hemiparasitic plant) exhibits remarkable metabolic plasticity, with significant variations in bioactive compound content, metabolite profiles, and antioxidant capacity depending on the host species (Laurus nobilis L., Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., Populus alba L.) and organ type (leaves vs. fruits). A multi-method approach combi...
Phoradendron nervosum (hemiparasitic plant) exhibits remarkable metabolic plasticity, with significant variations in bioactive compound content, metabolite profiles, and antioxidant capacity depending on the host species (Laurus nobilis L., Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., Populus alba L.) and organ type (leaves vs. fruits). A multi-method approach combining spectrophotometry, complementary antioxidant assays (ABTS, DPPH, FRAP), and complete metabolomic profiling by LC–MS was used to elucidate the biochemical interactions between P. nervosum and its hosts. The results obtained showed a differential distribution of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds, with leaves characterized by higher flavonoid concentrations (e.g., up to 0.286 mg QE/g DW). At the same time, fruits exhibited host-mediated modulations, especially in the species L. nobilis (e.g., the highest TPC at 2.723 mg GAE/g DW). Antioxidant activity was consistently higher in leaves (e.g., up to 41.26 µmol Trolox/g DW in DPPH assay), correlating with their enriched presence of phenolic acids and glycosylated flavonoids. The host species played a determining role in antioxidant capacity, as H. rosa-sinensis-associated plants exhibited the highest levels (e.g., 14.53 µmol Trolox/g DW in ABTS, 24.06 µmol Fe<sup>2+</sup>/g DW in FRAP). Correlation analysis suggested complex biochemical trade-offs influencing metabolic allocations. A diversity of bioactive compounds was identified by LC–MS, highlighting the synergistic interaction between metabolites in defining the physiological response of P. nervosum. Our results highlight its adaptive versatility and ecological significance, but also potential pharmacological applications, given that related mistletoe species from Europe are already used in antitumor treatments.
Discovery of ent-kaurane diterpenoid glucosides from Cuscuta japonica seeds and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity
Journal of Molecular Structure, volume 1358
Sunday 01 February 2026
To explore the potential active components from the seeds of Cuscuta japonica, a well-known herb in traditional Chinese medicine, two novel 6,7-seco‑ent-kaurane-type diterpenoid glucosides bearing a rare 6,19-lactone framework, designated cusjaponoids A (1) and B (2), along with four previously reported fatty acids (3–6), were characterized. St...
To explore the potential active components from the seeds of Cuscuta japonica, a well-known herb in traditional Chinese medicine, two novel 6,7-seco‑ent-kaurane-type diterpenoid glucosides bearing a rare 6,19-lactone framework, designated cusjaponoids A (1) and B (2), along with four previously reported fatty acids (3–6), were characterized. Structural elucidation of all isolates was accomplished through an integrated analysis of spectroscopic and chemical data, including HRESIMS, NMR, ECD, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and alkaline hydrolysis. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited moderate inhibitory potency against α-glucosidase, with IC<inf>50</inf> values of 48.09 and 33.36 μM, respectively. Kinetic assays revealed that compound 1 acted as a mixed-type inhibitor with K<inf>i</inf> and K<inf>is</inf> values of 56.26 and 6.26 μM, respectively, indicating higher affinity for the enzyme-substrate complex, whereas compound 2 functioned as an uncompetitive inhibitor, binding exclusively with the enzyme-substrate complex and showing a K<inf>is</inf> value of 3.41 μM. Given the structural similarity and preferential binding to the enzyme-substrate complex of both compounds, compound 2 with stronger activity was selected for the molecular docking analysis and molecular dynamics simulations, which formed a stable complex with α-glucosidase–pNPG through strong binding affinity and favorable conformational stability. In silico ADMET prediction suggested promising pharmacokinetic and safety profiles, indicating potential drug-like properties of compounds 1 and 2. Overall, this study advanced the chemical and pharmacological understanding of the bioactive constituents in C. japonica seeds, providing valuable insights for the future exploitation of this traditional medicinal resource.
Diversity and functional traits of the flower stigma microbiome in heterotrophic and autotrophic plants: Phelipanche ramosa vs. its host Nicotiana tabacum
Scientific Reports, volume 16
Saturday 31 January 2026
Phelipanche ramosa is a widespread parasitic weed of significant economic importance, particularly affecting tomatoes and tobacco. Despite its well-documented impact on agriculture, its microbial associations remain poorly understood. For the first time, we used Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) to determine the composition of microorganisms (bacter...
Phelipanche ramosa is a widespread parasitic weed of significant economic importance, particularly affecting tomatoes and tobacco. Despite its well-documented impact on agriculture, its microbial associations remain poorly understood. For the first time, we used Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) to determine the composition of microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) on the flower stigma of P. ramosa and its host, Nicotiana tabacum, as well as to explore their potential functions. The stigma is a nutrient-rich environment that fosters a varied microbial community, encompassing both beneficial and pathogenic organisms affecting plant health and reproductive success. Unique bacterial populations were identified in P. ramosa stigmas, which were absent or less abundant in N. tabacum stigmas. We identified 49 bacterial OTUs in P. ramosa stigmas, primarily Proteobacteria (87.5%) with dominant genera like Pantoea and Pseudomonas. In contrast, N. tabacum stigmas (18 OTUs) were also rich in Proteobacteria (69.6%) but showed higher levels of Leuconostoc and Enterobacteriaceae. Phelipanche ramosa stigmas exhibited a higher abundance of Actinobacteria, while N. tabacum stigmas had a greater proportion of Firmicutes. Fungal communities differed significantly: P. ramosa stigmas (109 OTUs) were dominated by Basidiomycota, while N. tabacum (69 OTUs) was primarily colonised by Ascomycota, with the genus Candida common in the host but absent in the parasite. Specific genera such as Chalastospora, Ustilaginaceae, and Bensingtonia were more abundant or exclusive to P. ramosa stigmas. Nicotiana tabacum stigmas hosted a potentially functionally rich bacterial microbiome, while P. ramosa harbored a more limited one. In contrast, both the structural diversity and functional (metabolic) potential of the fungal communities were higher in P. ramosa compared to N. tabacum. Microbiome network analysis highlighted distinct physiological functions associated with autotrophic and heterotrophic lifestyles. Some identified microorganisms may play key roles in nutrient availability and pathogenicity, including potentially beneficial ones that could provide new opportunities for biological control. This study highlights the significant relationships between microbial diversity and functional traits, underscoring the importance of these dynamics in the structure and functioning of the stigma microbiome.
Integrated Management of Striga hermonthica in Sorghum Using Glomus mosseae, Bacillus megaterium, and Phosphorus
Plant Environment Interactions, volume 7
Friday 30 January 2026
The root parasitic weed Striga hermonthica, a member of the Orobanchaceae family, is a major constraint to cereal production in sub-Saharan Africa. Its germination is triggered by host-derived stimulants, which are upregulated under phosphorus (P) and nitrogen deficiencies. This study evaluated the effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomu...
The root parasitic weed Striga hermonthica, a member of the Orobanchaceae family, is a major constraint to cereal production in sub-Saharan Africa. Its germination is triggered by host-derived stimulants, which are upregulated under phosphorus (P) and nitrogen deficiencies. This study evaluated the effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae, the phosphorus-solubilizing bacterium Bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum (BMP), and inorganic phosphorus (P<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf>), applied individually and in combination, on S. hermonthica incidence and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) growth. Uncontrolled S. hermonthica parasitism reduced sorghum height by 48%–54% and shoot biomass by 71%. G. mosseae alone reduced S. hermonthica emergence and biomass by 87%–100% and 93%, respectively, while increasing sorghum height by 89%–115% and shoot biomass by 351%. The combination of G. mosseae with BMP increased sorghum height by 116%–139% and shoot biomass by 314%. BMP alone reduced S. hermonthica emergence and biomass by 57%–65% and 68%, respectively, and phosphorus alone reduced S. hermonthica emergence and biomass by 29%–42% and 51%, respectively. The combinations of G. mosseae with BMP, G. mosseae with phosphorus, and G. mosseae with BMP and phosphorus achieved reductions in S. hermonthica emergence of 93%–100%, 82%–100%, and 87%–100%, and reductions in biomass of 93%, 87%, and 65%, respectively. Phosphorus suppressed arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus colonization, while BMP had no significant effect. These findings highlight the potential of G. mosseae and Bacillus megaterium, individually and in combination, as biocontrol agents for reducing S. hermonthica and improving sorghum growth in low-fertility soils.
Total flavonoids from Semen Cuscutae inhibits osteoblast apoptosis in hormone-induced femoral head avascular necrosis
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, volume 30, pages 4289-4298
Friday 30 January 2026
BACKGROUND: The PI3K/Akt pathway, as an intracellular signal transduction pathway, plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, growth, and metabolism. Semen Cuscutae, a traditional Chinese medicine used for kidney tonification, possesses potential bone-protective effects due to its total flavonoids; however, the specific molecular mechan...
BACKGROUND: The PI3K/Akt pathway, as an intracellular signal transduction pathway, plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, growth, and metabolism. Semen Cuscutae, a traditional Chinese medicine used for kidney tonification, possesses potential bone-protective effects due to its total flavonoids; however, the specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of total flavonoids from Semen Cuscutae against dexamethasone-induced osteoblast apoptosis and its potential molecular mechanisms through a combination of network pharmacology and in vitro experiments. METHODS: Network pharmacology was used to predict potential targets and signaling pathways for Semen Cuscutae in the treatment of dexamethasone-induced femoral head avascular necrosis. hFOB1.19 cells were cultured in vitro and treated with different concentrations of total flavonoids from Semen Cuscutae (0, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 600 μg/mL) for 24 hours. Cell viability was assessed using the cell counting kit-8 assay to select the optimal treatment dose for subsequent experiments. hFOB1.19 cells were divided into six groups: control, dexamethasone, total flavonoids from Semen Cuscutae at 100, 200, 400 μg/mL plus 2 μmol/L dexamethasone, and total flavonoids from Semen Cuscutae plus LY294002 groups (400 μg/mL total flavonoids from Semen Cuscutae and 10 μmol/L LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor). Cell viability was determined using the cell counting kit-8 assay, apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry, apoptosis-related protein expression was assessed by immunofluorescence, reactive oxygen species levels were quantified using the DCFH-DA probe, and expression of proteins related to the PI3K/Akt pathway was analyzed by western blot assay after treatment,. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Network pharmacology results indicated that the potential targets of Semen Cuscutae may be related to the regulation of tumor necrosis factor, p53, interleukin-6, serine/threonine protein kinase 1, vascular endothelial growth factor A, caspase-3, interleukin-1β, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α expression, and the PI3K/Akt pathway. (2) CCK-8 results showed that total flavonoids from Semen Cuscutae promoted the proliferation of hFOB1.19 cells within a certain range and alleviated the inhibitory effect of dexamethasone on the proliferation of hFOB1.19 cells. (3) Total flavonoids from Semen Cuscutae inhibited dexamethasone-induced apoptosis and increased reactive oxygen species levels, reduced the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax, and decreased reactive oxygen species levels, while increased the protein expression of Bcl-2. (4) Compared with the dexamethasone group, total flavonoids from Semen Cuscutae enhanced the expression of p-PI3K and p-Akt proteins. (5) The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 reversed the effects of total flavonoids from Semen Cuscutae on apoptosis and reactive oxygen species levels in dexamethasone-treated cells. The results indicate that total flavonoids from Semen Cuscutae can attenuate dexamethasone-mediated apoptosis in hFOB1.19 cells, and the mechanism may be related to the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.
Differential effects of precipitation pulses on two mistletoe species and their associated fauna in a semi-arid environment
Journal of Arid Environments, volume 232
Thursday 29 January 2026
Semi-arid ecosystems are highly limited by water availability; thus, precipitation pulses can generate significant impacts on plant populations. We evaluated the effects of rainfall pulses on the phenologies of two mistletoe species (Tristerix aphyllus and T. verticillatus) and their associated fauna in Las Chinchillas National Reserve, Chile. Base...
Semi-arid ecosystems are highly limited by water availability; thus, precipitation pulses can generate significant impacts on plant populations. We evaluated the effects of rainfall pulses on the phenologies of two mistletoe species (Tristerix aphyllus and T. verticillatus) and their associated fauna in Las Chinchillas National Reserve, Chile. Based on a two-year camera trap survey (2021–2023), we recorded a total of 21,083 visits. Although 2022 began following a 2021 hydric deficit, a large rainfall pulse during the austral winter altered conditions, influencing the patterns observed in 2023. Tristerix aphyllus (a holoparasite specialized on cacti) showed a decrease in flowering after the rainfall pulse, whereas T. verticillatus (a generalist hemiparasite) showed an increase in flowering and fruiting. Associated fauna showed a significant variation between years: both species experienced greater visitor abundance after the pulse, but only T. verticillatus showed increased species richness (from 3.71 to 7.30 species in average). Beta diversity values indicated greater species turnover in T. aphyllus (57.14 %) than in T. verticillatus (17.39 %); small mammals became more dominant than birds after the rainfall pulse. These results show differential effects of rainfall pulses between mistletoe species, shedding light on the complex ecological dynamics underlying Mediterranean semi-arid environments.
Cuscuta chinensis Lam. extracts ameliorate type 2 diabetes by regulating metabolism and gut microbiota
Iscience, volume 29
Thursday 29 January 2026
Cuscuta chinensis Lam. (TSZ), a medicinal and edible plant, contains bioactive constituents including flavonoids, phenolic acids, polysaccharides, and lignans. This study investigated the effects of TSZ extracts in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We employed UV and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS for compositional analysis, and integrated metabolomics ...
Cuscuta chinensis Lam. (TSZ), a medicinal and edible plant, contains bioactive constituents including flavonoids, phenolic acids, polysaccharides, and lignans. This study investigated the effects of TSZ extracts in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We employed UV and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS for compositional analysis, and integrated metabolomics with 16S rDNA sequencing to explore systemic responses. The results showed that TSZ extracts are rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids. Treatment with TSZ significantly regulated blood glucose and body weight, ameliorated metabolic disturbances, and influenced key pathways, including the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., oleic acid and α-linolenic acid). Further, TSZ reversed the gut microbiota dysbiosis in diabetic rats. Finally, Spearman correlation analysis indicated a close relationship between microbiota and metabolites. Collectively, the findings suggest that TSZ alleviates T2DM by modulating endogenous metabolic pathways and gut microbiota, which serve as potential targets for TSZ to enhance its glycemic effects in T2DM.
Ethyl acetate fraction of Striga hermonthica (Delile) Benth. inhibits AGEs-mediated inflammatory markers in THP-1 monocytes
Fitoterapia, volume 189
Wednesday 28 January 2026
The present study investigated the antiglycation activities of extracts and fractions of Phyllanthus amarus , Chrysanthellum americanum , Striga hermonthica and, based on cytotoxicity results, evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of the ethyl acetate fraction of Striga hermonthica ( EtOAc-Sh ) in AGE-challenged THP-1 monocytes. The in vitro me...
The present study investigated the antiglycation activities of extracts and fractions of Phyllanthus amarus , Chrysanthellum americanum , Striga hermonthica and, based on cytotoxicity results, evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of the ethyl acetate fraction of Striga hermonthica ( EtOAc-Sh ) in AGE-challenged THP-1 monocytes. The in vitro methylglyoxal (MGO)-bovine serum albumin (BSA) assay revealed notable inhibition of AGE formation by EtOAc-Sh (IC<inf>50</inf> = 100.1 ± 0.001 μg/mL; quercetin 1.23 μM, gallic acid 0.131 μM, rutin 0.0021 μM), with rutin used as the standard (IC<inf>50</inf> = 402 ± 0.30 μM). Cell metabolic assay showed EtOAc-Sh was non-cytotoxic to HepG2 hepatocytes (∼ 94 % cell viability at 250 μg/mL), and THP-1 monocytes (≥ 90 % cell viability at 500 μg/mL). Moreover, EtOAc-Sh significantly ( p < 0.001) reduced the AGE-mediated ROS production (83 % at 100 μg/mL), as compared to apocynin (69 % at 100 μM). Furthermore, EtOAc-Sh suppressed the NF-κB (p<sup>65</sup>) (RFU: 9.18 at 100 μg/mL) activation, as compared to PDTC (RFU: 6.97) at 100 μM. EtOAc-Sh also significantly ( p < 0.001) reduced the COX-2 levels (1.52-fold decrease at 100 μg/mL; PDTC, 1.68-fold decrease) in THP-1 monocytes, while significantly ( p < 0.001) reversing the AGE-induced suppression of COX-1 levels (1.89-fold increase at 100 μg/mL; PDTC, 1.88-fold increase) at 100 μM. HPLC-UV analysis identified quercetin, gallic acid, and rutin, as the active constituents of the EtOAc-Sh fraction. These findings suggest that EtOAc-Sh fraction as a potential antiglycation, and anti-inflammatory agent, which supporting the traditional use of Striga hermonthica in diabetes management in Burkina Faso.
Unveiling the absorbed bioactive constituents of Cuscuta seeds: A systematic strategy integrating automated MS annotation, in vivo chemometric screening and bioactivity evaluation
Food Chemistry X, volume 34
Wednesday 28 January 2026
The strategy integrated MATLAB automated MS annotation, in vivo chemometric screening, and progesterone assessment under oxidative stress was established for the identification of absorbed bioactive constituents of Cuscuta seed (CS). MATLAB platform characterized 203 components (flavonols, alkaloids, phenolic acids, etc) in CS extract, outperformin...
The strategy integrated MATLAB automated MS annotation, in vivo chemometric screening, and progesterone assessment under oxidative stress was established for the identification of absorbed bioactive constituents of Cuscuta seed (CS). MATLAB platform characterized 203 components (flavonols, alkaloids, phenolic acids, etc) in CS extract, outperforming commercial software through its combinatorial “parent molecules + group fragments” database and automated neutral loss/diagnostic ion matching. This approach was designed to effectively minimize in-source fragmentation false positives, while its dual-dimension similarity algorithm refined molecular networking. Furthermore, 20 prototypes and 46 metabolites were discovered and identified in plasma and urine after oral administration of CS by OPLS-DA and MATLAB analysis platform. Cuscutamine and p-coumaric acid exhibited high systemic exposure. Based on in vivo metabolic analysis, 9 major absorbed constituents were revealed. Hyperoside, ferulic acid, cuscutamine, kaempferol, and quercetin demonstrated significant bioactivity by attenuating H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage in R2C Leydig cells and restoring progesterone levels.
Beyond Viscum album: Mistletoe physiology and the pharmacological potential of the extensive Loranthaceae family
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, volume 357, pages 120914
Tuesday 27 January 2026
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Mistletoe extracts from the genus Viscum are widely recognized for their complementary use in cancer therapies. However, many other mistletoe species are employed in ethnopharmacology around the world. The Loranthaceae family is broadly distributed and closely linked to local populations due to its medicinal uses. AI...
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Mistletoe extracts from the genus Viscum are widely recognized for their complementary use in cancer therapies. However, many other mistletoe species are employed in ethnopharmacology around the world. The Loranthaceae family is broadly distributed and closely linked to local populations due to its medicinal uses. AIM OF THE STUDY: This review integrates biological and pharmacological perspectives to highlight the Loranthaceae family as a biodiverse resource of emerging pharmacological importance, considering its distribution, phytochemical diversity, and therapeutic potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A bibliographic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Studies on biogeography, ecology, plant physiology, phytochemistry, bioactivity, and pharmacology of Viscaceae and Loranthaceae were included. Both qualitative and quantitative syntheses of the available information were carried out. RESULTS: Loranthaceae species are predominantly distributed in the Southern Hemisphere. Their broad biogeographic history has favored considerable evolutionary diversification. The physiology of mistletoes responds to seasonal variations and to biotic and abiotic stresses that influence the accumulation of bioactive compounds. Evidence is presented for 38 Loranthaceae species, showing strong consistency between their traditional uses and the bioactivities investigated. Among these, antioxidant and antitumoral effects, protection of organs and tissues, immunomodulatory properties, antimicrobial and antiviral activity, antidiabetic potential, cardiovascular regulation, neuroactive effects, and cholesterol-lowering activity stand out. A great diversity of secondary metabolites is evident across all species reviewed, including twelve compounds described for the first time through the study of these parasitic plants, such as phenolic glycosides, cyanogenic glycosides, and lupeol-based triterpenoid esters. Future perspectives in biomedicine and biotechnology emphasize the need to continue investigating these plants. CONCLUSIONS: Mistletoes of the Loranthaceae family represent a valuable source of chemical and genetic resources with significant pharmacological potential. Their wide distribution and diversity of bioactive compounds position them as promising candidates for drug discovery. Nevertheless, further research is required to elucidate specific mechanisms and to evaluate their effects at subclinical and clinical levels.
Corrigendum to "Semen Cuscutae-Fructus Lycii improves spermatogenic dysfunction by repairing the blood-testis barrier in rats according to in silico and in vitro methods" [J Ethnopharmacol. 274 (2021) 114022
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, volume 355, pages 120189
Monday 26 January 2026
dc:description
Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Cuscuta reflexa on High-fat Diet and Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Natural Products Journal, volume 16
Sunday 25 January 2026
Aims: Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. has been traditionally utilized as an ethnomedicinal agent for managing various ailments, including diabetes, jaundice, and rheumatic issues. This investigation aimed to evaluate the oral hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of the aerial parts of Cuscuta reflexa (HAECR) in rats with diabe...
Aims: Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. has been traditionally utilized as an ethnomedicinal agent for managing various ailments, including diabetes, jaundice, and rheumatic issues. This investigation aimed to evaluate the oral hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of the aerial parts of Cuscuta reflexa (HAECR) in rats with diabetes induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ). Additionally, the study sought to identify the bioactive compounds responsible for these effects in Cuscuta reflexa. Background: To date, only a few attempts have been made to isolate the lead bioactive compound from Cuscuta reflexa, highlighting the need for further exploration of this herb through bioactivity-guided fractionation. The isolation and characterization of the responsible lead molecules could pave the way for developing a new, safer therapeutic option compared to conventionally used drugs. Objectives: The study aims to evaluate the oral hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity of hydroalcoholic extract of the aerial parts of Cuscuta reflexa (HAECR) in a high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats, along with elucidating the responsible bioactive compounds of Cuscuta reflexa. Methods: The hydroalcoholic plant extract was standardized by marker calibration by HPLC and, subsequently, phytochemical screening by LC-MS. Column chromatography was adopted to isolate bioactive compounds from the extract, which NMR, FT-IR, and MS spectroscopy subsequently characterized. Oral antihyperglycemic activity and toxicity studies were performed, and antioxidant activities were studied. Results: No deaths or behavioural changes were observed during the toxicity study up to 2000 mg/kg oral dosing. Other toxicological parameters, such as deviations in organ weights, and haematological, and histological parameters, were also not observed. 250 mg/kg dose of HAECR exhibited significant antihyperglycemic activity (56.9% reduction in blood glucose level) in diabetic rats. In the HAECR-treated groups, significant reductions were observed compared to the control group, with cholesterol levels decreasing by 57%, triglycerides by 50%, SGPT by 50%, and SGOT by 30%. Considering the extensive analytical spectroscopy interpretation results, Quercetin and Stigmasterol are the two possible isolated compounds from our extract. Conclusion: Thus, this study suggested the antihyperlipidemic and antihyperglycemic activity of HAECR, which may be attributed to phytomolecules such as Stigmasterol and Quercetin. Therefore, our findings from the investigated part of the herb could be regarded as an adjunctive agent for treating diabetes mellitus.
Horizontal gene transfer of the Pytheas sequence from Cuscuta to Orobanche via a host-mediated pathway
Scientific Reports, volume 16
Saturday 24 January 2026
Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT) is a phenomenon of DNA transfer between organisms that does not involve a parent-offspring relationship. HGT is believed to play an important role in all groups of organisms, including plants, and especially in parasites. Here we describe a chain of transfers from Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae) to Orobanche rigens (Orobanch...
Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT) is a phenomenon of DNA transfer between organisms that does not involve a parent-offspring relationship. HGT is believed to play an important role in all groups of organisms, including plants, and especially in parasites. Here we describe a chain of transfers from Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae) to Orobanche rigens (Orobanchaceae)—both parasitic plants—via a host belonging to tribe Genisteae (Fabaceae). During its “journey” between genomes, the transferred sequence, which we named Pytheas, was altered by deletions, additions of new segments from the current genome, substitutions, and rearrangements. This is the first robustly documented case of a multi-step transfer pathway—involving one IGT and two HGTs—connecting three plant species. Specifically, this system involves a host plant mediated gene flow between two distinct parasites without involvement of transposable elements, the cox1 intron, or other vectors. This case also demonstrates how host-parasite interactions can facilitate the spread of genetic material between evolutionarily distant lineages.
© Copyright IPPS 2010-2026 • Disclaimer • Privacy • Terms and conditions • Contact